AI model predicts B cell reactivity to neoantigens for improved cancer vaccines

Researchers at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) have developed a novel AI model capable of predicting B cell reactivity to neoantigens, advancing the design of personalized cancer vaccines. Neoantigens are unique markers found exclusively on cancer cells, and traditional cancer vaccines have largely focused on eliciting T cell immune responses. However, this new AI-driven approach incorporates B cell responses, which are crucial for generating long-term immunity and preventing tumor recurrence.

The model was validated using extensive cancer genome data, animal experiments, and clinical trial datasets. By accurately selecting neoantigens that strongly trigger B cell activity, the technology offers a more sustained and effective immune defense against cancer. This innovation marks a shift from the conventional one-time immune attack strategy to a holistic immune activation involving both B and T cells.

KAIST is collaborating with Neogen Logic, a company specializing in neoantigen AI technologies, to advance this personalized vaccine platform. Preclinical development is underway, with plans to submit an Investigational New Drug (IND) application to the U.S. FDA, targeting clinical trials commencement in 2027.

This breakthrough reflects a growing recognition in oncology that leveraging B cell immunity can significantly enhance cancer vaccine effectiveness. By integrating AI to tailor vaccines according to individual tumor profiles and immune responses, the approach promises more durable cancer immunotherapies with greater potential to prevent relapse.